THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
DNA MAKES RNA MAKES PROTEIN
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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True
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False
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Detailed explanation-1: -Once a damaged base is recognized, the DNA glycosylase reaction creates a deoxyribose sugar that lacks its base. This “missing tooth” is recognized by an enzyme called AP endonuclease, which cuts the phosphodiester backbone, and the damage is then removed and repaired (see Figure 5-50A).
Detailed explanation-2: -Most damage to DNA is repaired by removal of the damaged bases followed by resynthesis of the excised region. Some lesions in DNA, however, can be repaired by direct reversal of the damage, which may be a more efficient way of dealing with specific types of DNA damage that occur frequently.
Detailed explanation-3: -In addition to their roles in chromosomal DNA replication, DNA polymerases participate in numerous DNA repair pathways, including double-strand break repair (61–63), mismatch repair (3, 64, 65), base excision repair (3, 66, 67), and nucleotide excision repair (3).
Detailed explanation-4: -RNA polymerases and RNA itself have been implicated at various stages of the DDR, including damage sensing, recruitment of DNA repair factors and tethering of broken DNA ends.