THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
DNA MAKES RNA MAKES PROTEIN
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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nucleotides
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proteins
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amino acids
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carbohydrates
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Detailed explanation-1: -The mRNA interacts with a specialized complex called a ribosome, which “reads” the sequence of mRNA nucleotides. Each sequence of three nucleotides, called a codon, usually codes for one particular amino acid. (Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.)
Detailed explanation-2: -Protein synthesis is the process in which cells make proteins. It occurs in two stages: transcription and translation. Transcription is the transfer of genetic instructions in DNA to mRNA in the nucleus. It includes three steps: initiation, elongation, and termination.
Detailed explanation-3: -The process by which DNA is copied to RNA is called transcription, and that by which RNA is used to produce proteins is called translation.
Detailed explanation-4: -During transcription, DNA is used as a template to make a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA). The molecule of mRNA then leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome in the cytoplasm, where translation occurs. During translation, the genetic code in mRNA is read and used to make a protein.
Detailed explanation-5: -The building blocks of proteins are amino acids, which are small organic molecules that consist of an alpha (central) carbon atom linked to an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and a variable component called a side chain (see below).