THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
DNA MAKES RNA MAKES PROTEIN
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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4 base pairs that transfer to amino acids
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3 base pairs that transfer to amino acids
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3 base pairs that transfer to DNA
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3 base pairs that transfer to mRNA
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Detailed explanation-1: -A codon is a DNA or RNA sequence of three nucleotides (a trinucleotide) that forms a unit of genomic information encoding a particular amino acid or signaling the termination of protein synthesis (stop signals).
Detailed explanation-2: -Codons are made up of any triplet combination of the four nitrogenous bases adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), or uracil (U). Of the 64 possible codon sequences, 61 specify the 20 amino acids that make up proteins and three are stop signals.
Detailed explanation-3: -There are 3 STOP codons in the genetic code-UAG, UAA, and UGA. These codons signal the end of the polypeptide chain during translation. These codons are also known as nonsense codons or termination codons as they do not code for an amino acid.
Detailed explanation-4: -However, a triplet code produces 64 (43 = 64) possible combinations, or codons.
Detailed explanation-5: -The ribosome reads the mRNA in three nucleotide codons, beginning with the start codon, AUG, which codes for the amino acid methionine. The order of the bases within the codons determines which amino acid will be added to the growing protein by the ribosome.