THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
DNA REPLICATION
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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The DNA of yeast and humans is identical.
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Yeast and humans have the same number of chromosomes.
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The genetic code is universal.
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Yeast and humans are both eukaryotes.
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Detailed explanation-1: -Some yeast genes can be replaced by human genes that then continue to produce the same human proteins in the yeast cells. Which statement helps to explain this evidence? The genetic code is universal.
Detailed explanation-2: -That’s because we share a common ancestor with yeast, and a new study in the journal Science suggest that we also share hundreds of genes that haven’t really changed in a billion years.
Detailed explanation-3: -Explanation: Helicase is the protein resposible for unwinding the DNA double-helix. Single-strand binding proteins attach to the freshly unwound strands of DNA and ensure that the strands do not re-anneal.
Detailed explanation-4: -Yeast possesses 23% homologous genes to humans; therefore, it is considered as a useful model for gene function studies (2). Although yeast and human diverged from a common ancestor 1 billion years ago, lines of evidence demonstrate the strong conservation of gene function between yeast and humans (3).
Detailed explanation-5: -During transcription, the DNA of a gene serves as a template for complementary base-pairing, and an enzyme called RNA polymerase II catalyzes the formation of a pre-mRNA molecule, which is then processed to form mature mRNA (Figure 1).