AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A mutagen is a chemical or physical agent capable of inducing changes in DNA called mutations. Examples of mutagens include tobacco products, radioactive substances, x-rays, ultraviolet radiation and a wide variety of chemicals.

Detailed explanation-2: -The chemical or physical agents that cause mutations are called mutagens. Examples of physical mutagens are ultraviolet (UV) and gamma radiation. Radiation exerts its mutagenic effect either directly or by creating free radicals that in turn have mutagenic effects.

Detailed explanation-3: -Anything that causes a mutation (a change in the DNA of a cell). DNA changes caused by mutagens may harm cells and cause certain diseases, such as cancer. Examples of mutagens include radioactive substances, x-rays, ultraviolet radiation, and certain chemicals.

Detailed explanation-4: -Environmental mutagens are defined as chemical and physical agents in the environment that induce genetic mutations or increase mutation rates during the human life span [1]. Most mutagens act as human carcinogens or exert genotoxic effects on the next generation via germ cells.

Detailed explanation-5: -Chemical mutagens-They include different types of chemicals that cause mutation. E.g.; EMS (Ethyl methane sulphonate). Physical mutagens-They include all types of irradiations. E.g.; gamma rays, ultraviolet rays etc.