AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A chromatid is one of the two identical halves of a chromosome that has been replicated in preparation for cell division. The two “sister” chromatids are joined at a constricted region of the chromosome called the centromere.

Detailed explanation-2: -A pair of sister chromatids is called a dyad. Once sister chromatids have separated (during the anaphase of mitosis or the anaphase II of meiosis during sexual reproduction), they are again called chromosomes, each having the same genetic mass as one of the individual chromatids that made up its parent.

Detailed explanation-3: -One chromosome is made of two chromatids and each chromatid is a DNA molecule.

Detailed explanation-4: -Chromosomes and cell division After DNA replication, each chromosome now consists of two physically attached sister chromatids. After chromosome condensation, the chromosomes condense to form compact structures (still made up of two chromatids).

Detailed explanation-5: -There are 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes, or homologues, in each cell. After replication there are a total of 92 sister chromatids in each cell. There are 46 individual chromosomes in each cell.