AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The functional segment of DNA is called genes. Gene is the segment of DNA that codes for a functional protein. Genes are inherited from parents to offspring. They are responsible to carry genetic information from one generation to another.

Detailed explanation-2: -Genes are segments of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that contain the code for a specific protein that functions in one or more types of cells in the body. Chromosomes are structures within cells that contain a person’s genes. Genes are contained in chromosomes, which are in the cell nucleus.

Detailed explanation-3: -Genes are small segments of DNA that have different functions. Many, but not all, genes make the proteins that our bodies need to function. You have two copies of each gene, one on each chromosome in a pair. Genes that code for proteins come in different versions called alleles.

Detailed explanation-4: -The nucleotides attach to each other (A with T, and G with C) to form chemical bonds called base pairs, which connect the two DNA strands. Genes are short pieces of DNA that carry specific genetic information.