AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -DNA polymerases are the enzymes that build DNA in cells. During DNA replication (copying), most DNA polymerases can “check their work” with each base that they add. This process is called proofreading.

Detailed explanation-2: -The enzyme responsible for proofreading during replication is called DNA polymerase. DNA polymerase takes an ‘unzipped’ DNA strand and adds in the appropriate nucleotide bases to make two complete double-helix strands.

Detailed explanation-3: -Although errors like these often have no consequence, they can sometimes lead to life-threatening diseases such as cancer, which is why this proofreading ability is so important. Therefore, the enzyme that is responsible for correcting errors during DNA replication is DNA polymerase.

Detailed explanation-4: -The fidelity of DNA replication relies on nucleotide selectivity of replicative DNA polymerase, exonucleolytic proofreading, and postreplicative DNA mismatch repair (MMR).