AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Genetic changes involving the OPN1LW or OPN1MW gene cause red-green color vision defects. These changes lead to an absence of L or M cones or to the production of abnormal opsin pigments in these cones that affect red-green color vision. Blue-yellow color vision defects result from mutations in the OPN1SW gene.

Detailed explanation-2: -Color blindness is caused by a change (mutation) to your genes. In most cases, you’re color blind from birth.

Detailed explanation-3: -It is caused either by deletion of a critical region that regulates expression of the red/green gene array, or by mutations that inactivate the red and green pigment genes. Total color blindness is another rare disease that involves complete absence of all cone function.

Detailed explanation-4: -This less-common type of color blindness makes it hard to tell the difference between blue and green, and between yellow and red. There are 2 types of blue-yellow color blindness: Tritanomaly makes it hard to tell the difference between blue and green, and between yellow and red.

Detailed explanation-5: -What causes color blindness? The most common kinds of color blindness are genetic, meaning they’re passed down from parents. Color blindness can also happen because of damage to your eye or your brain. And color vision may get worse as you get older-often because of cataracts (cloudy areas in the lens of the eye).