AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The fragments are purified and combined. They have matching “sticky ends, ” or single-stranded DNA overhangs, so they can stick together. The enzyme DNA ligase joins the fragments with matching ends together to form a single, unbroken molecule of DNA. This produces a recombinant plasmid that contains the target gene.

Detailed explanation-2: -Recombinant Plasmids in Bacteria Cohen’s team used restriction endonuclease enzymes to cleave the double-stranded DNA molecules of the two parent plasmids. The team next used DNA ligase to rejoin, or recombine, the DNA fragments from the two different plasmids (Figure 2).

Detailed explanation-3: -Today, we use restriction enzymes extensively for cutting DNA fragments that can then be pasted with another DNA molecule to form recombinant molecules. These enzymes are purified from various bacterial species and can be purchased commercially. They are named after the bacterium from which they were first isolated.

Detailed explanation-4: -Recombinant DNA technology involves using enzymes and various laboratory techniques to manipulate and isolate DNA segments of interest. This method can be used to combine (or splice) DNA from different species or to create genes with new functions. The resulting copies are often referred to as recombinant DNA.