AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A restriction enzyme is a protein isolated from bacteria that cleaves DNA sequences at sequence-specific sites, producing DNA fragments with a known sequence at each end. The use of restriction enzymes is critical to certain laboratory methods, including recombinant DNA technology and genetic engineering.

Detailed explanation-2: -The technology is made possible by two types of enzymes, restriction endonucleases and ligase. A restriction endonuclease recognizes a specific sequence of DNA and cuts within, or close to, that sequence.

Detailed explanation-3: -In the laboratory, restriction enzymes (or restriction endonucleases) are used to cut DNA into smaller fragments. The cuts are always made at specific nucleotide sequences.

Detailed explanation-4: -Restriction enzymes can be isolated from bacterial cells and used in the laboratory to manipulate fragments of DNA, such as those that contain genes; for this reason they are indispensible tools of recombinant DNA technology (genetic engineering).

Detailed explanation-5: -In genetic engineering, restriction enzymes are used for cutting DNA fragments. A restriction enzyme (or restriction endonuclease) is an enzyme that cuts any DNA at or near specific recognition nucleotide sequences (known as restriction sites).