THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
RECOMBINANT DNA
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Can accept foreign genes
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Can replicate independently in bacteria
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Has a circular shape
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Can be cleaved by restriction enzymes
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Detailed explanation-1: -The plasmid is a single circular extrachromosomal DNA which carries antibiotic-resistant gene and origin of replication i.e., the ability of autonomous replication and its size is smaller than chromosomal DNA. These characters of plasmid make it an ideal vector for recombinant DNA technology.
Detailed explanation-2: -Firstly, they eliminate the need to inject infectious agents. Secondly, they stimulate both B-and T-cell immune responses. Thirdly, they are more stable in different temperatures so are easier to store and transport. Lastly, they can be manufactured on a large-scale and at low cost.
Detailed explanation-3: -Plasmids play an important role in gene therapy. Recombinant DNA technology makes use of plasmids to deliver drugs such as insulin and different hormones into the body. The modified plasmids cause antibiotic resistance and are used to kill harmful bacteria in the body.
Detailed explanation-4: -So, the correct option is ‘Plasmids do not depend on host enzymatic machinery for their replication’
Detailed explanation-5: -Bacterial plasmids may encode genes for traits that are sometimes beneficial to their hosts, such as antimicrobial resistance, virulence, heavy metal tolerance, and the catabolism of unique nutrient sources.