THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
STRUCTURE OF NUCLEIC ACIDS
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Detailed explanation-1: -Each nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a nitrogenous base-adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), or guanine (G)-and deoxyribose. DNA’s sugar, deoxyribose, has five carbon atoms, which are connected to each other to form what looks like a ring. Four carbons plus an oxygen are part of the five-sided ring.
Detailed explanation-2: -Ribose is a single-ring pentose [5-Carbon] sugar. The numbering of the carbon atoms runs clockwise, following organic chemistry rules.
Detailed explanation-3: -A single basic unit or “building block” of DNA consists of a sugar, a phosphate group and a base. Sugars are rings of carbon and oxygen atoms. The sugar in DNA has 5 carbon atoms (labelled 1’-5’), and is called deoxy-ribose (hence the “Deoxy-ribo” in DNA).
Detailed explanation-4: -ribose, also called D-ribose, five-carbon sugar found in RNA (ribonucleic acid), where it alternates with phosphate groups to form the “backbone” of the RNA polymer and binds to nitrogenous bases.
Detailed explanation-5: -The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, and in RNA, the sugar is ribose (Figure 1.1. 1).