AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Tissue culture is a useful method for cultivating clinical samples suspected of harboring a virus. This method helps with the detection, identification, and characterization of viruses in the laboratory.

Detailed explanation-2: -Some viruses are restricted in the kinds of cells in which they replicate, and a few have not yet been cultivated at all under laboratory conditions. However, most viruses are grown in cultured cells, embryonated hen’s eggs, or laboratory animals.

Detailed explanation-3: -There are three types of tissue culture; organ culture, explant culture and cell culture. Organ cultures are mainly done for highly specialized parasites of certain organs e.g. tracheal ring culture is done for isolation of coronavirus. Explant culture is rarely done.

Detailed explanation-4: -PCR is one of the most widely used laboratory methods for detection of viral nucleic acids. PCR analysis can also be used to determine viral RNA, by adding an initial step in which the RNA is converted into DNA; know as reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR).