FOOD TECHNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -and de Ponti et al.23, compared 1071 paired yield observations of 115 studies and showed that organically managed fields have on average 19.2% less yield compared to conventionally managed fields.

Detailed explanation-2: -Conventional agriculture causes increased greenhouse gas emissions, soil erosion, water pollution, and threatens human health. Organic farming has a smaller carbon footprint, conserves and builds soil health, replenishes natural ecosystems for cleaner water and air, all without toxic pesticide residues.

Detailed explanation-3: -Intensive agriculture, also known as intensive farming (as opposed to extensive farming), conventional, or industrial agriculture, is a type of agriculture, both of crop plants and of animals, with higher levels of input and output per unit of agricultural land area.

Detailed explanation-4: -Our results show that organic yields of individual crops are on average 80% of conventional yields, but variation is substantial (standard deviation 21%).