AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Phagocytosis is a special form of endocytosis in which large particles such as microorganisms and dead cells are ingested via large endocytic vesicles called phagosomes.

Detailed explanation-2: -Endocytosis is the process of capturing a substance or particle from outside the cell by engulfing it with th e cell membr ane. The membrane folds over the substance and it becomes completely enclosed by the membrane. At this point a membrane-bound sac, or vesicle, pinches off and moves the substance into the cytosol.

Detailed explanation-3: -Endocytosis is a type of active transport that moves particles, such as large molecules, parts of cells, and even whole cells, into a cell.

Detailed explanation-4: -1)Diffusion is a passive process, while endocytosis/ exocytosis is an active process. 2)The process of diffusion is not controlled by the cell, while endocytosis/ exocytosis is fully controlled by the cell. 3)Diffusion is not an energy-dependent process-but endocytosis/ exocytosis are energy-dependent processes.

Detailed explanation-5: -In simple diffusion, small noncharged molecules or lipid soluble molecules pass between the phospholipids to enter or leave the cell, moving from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration (they move down their concentration gradient).