AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -When this antigen exists for one group, an antibody for the other group will exist as well. Thus, when the blood of the opposing group enters the body, the antibody attacks the antigen and they form a clump. This is called as agglutination.

Detailed explanation-2: -A person with type A blood receiving a transfusion of type B or AB blood would have an ABO incompatibility reaction. In an ABO incompatibility reaction, your immune system attacks the new blood cells and destroys them. If you have type AB blood, you have both A and B antigens.

Detailed explanation-3: -Hemolytic transfusion reactions can cause the most serious problems, but these are rare. These reactions can occur when your ABO or Rh blood type and that of the transfused blood do not match. If this happens, your immune system attacks the transfused red blood cells. This can be life-threatening.

Detailed explanation-4: -Mixing blood from two individuals can lead to blood clumping or agglutination. The clumped red cells can crack and cause toxic reactions. This can have fatal consequences.

Detailed explanation-5: -The agglutination indicates that the blood has reacted with a certain antibody and is therefore not compatible with blood containing that kind of antibody. If the blood does not agglutinate, it indicates that the blood does not have the antigens binding the special antibody in the reagent.