THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF INHERITANCE
DNA MAKES RNA MAKES PROTEIN
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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DNA contains adenine, RNA contains thymine
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DNA contains a sugar and RNA does not
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DNA is double stranded, RNA is single stranded
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DNA is found in the cytoplasm, RNA is only in the nucleus
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Detailed explanation-1: -DNA is a double-stranded molecule that has a long chain of nucleotides. RNA is a single-stranded molecule which has a shorter chain of nucleotides. DNA replicates on its own, it is self-replicating. RNA does not replicate on its own.
Detailed explanation-2: -DNA has the pyrimidine thymine; RNA has the pyrimidine uracil. The deoxyribonucleotide units of DNA contain 2 deoxy-D-ribose sugar, and the ribonucleotide units of RNA contain D-ribose sugar; the difference lying in absence of an oxygen atom at 2’ position, not in number of carbon atoms.
Detailed explanation-3: -DNA uses thymine and deoxyribose sugar, while RNA uses uracil and ribose sugar. While DNA is usually molded into a double-stranded helix, RNA is usually single-stranded, which allows for the binding of anticodons during translation.
Detailed explanation-4: -Despite these small chemical differences, DNA and RNA differ quite dramatically in overall structure. Whereas DNA always occurs in cells as a double-stranded helix, RNA is single-stranded.
Detailed explanation-5: -A major step forward in understanding the properties of the genetic material was the formulation of the double-stranded structure of DNA by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953, which suggested a mechanism for its replication and accordingly its perpetuation.