AP BIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A gene is the component of DNA that specifies the traits of an organism. Genes are specific sequences of nucleotides that encode for the expression of different observed characteristics, or traits.

Detailed explanation-2: -Gene. A segment of a DNA molecule (a sequence of bases) that codes for a particular protein and determines the traits (phenotype) of the individual. A gene is the basic unit of heredity in a living organism.

Detailed explanation-3: -DNA base pair. Under normal circumstances, the nitrogen-containing bases adenine (A) and thymine (T) pair together, and cytosine (C) and guanine (G) pair together. The binding of these base pairs forms the structure of DNA .

Detailed explanation-4: -Bases are the part of DNA that stores information and gives DNA the ability to encode phenotype, a person’s visible traits. Adenine and guanine are purine bases. These are structures composed of a 5-sided and 6-sided ring. Cytosine and thymine are pyrimidines which are structures composed of a single six-sided ring.

Detailed explanation-5: -A nucleotide base–a ringed molecule containing nitrogen–hangs off each sugar group, and it’s the sequence of these bases that contains the genetic code for creating proteins.