FOOD TECHNOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -D-Value (Decimal Reduction Value): It is the time required at temperature T to reduce a Specific microbial population by 90% or by a factor of 10. Z-Value: It is the number of degrees of temperature change necessary to change the D-Value by a Factor of 10.

Detailed explanation-2: -While the D-value gives the time needed at a certain temperature to kill 90% of the organisms, the z-value relates the resistance of an organism to differing temperatures. The z-value allows calculation of the equivalency of two thermal processes, if the D-value and the z-value are known.

Detailed explanation-3: -D-value, or decimal reduction time, is the time it takes to reduce a microbial population by 1 logarithm, or 90% of its initial value, under specified conditions (e.g., sterilant concentration, exposure temperature, relative humidity, package configuration).